• The activity of cysteine endopeptidases involved in

  2019-09-03

  

  The activity of cysteine endopeptidases involved in the germination of caryopses is generally regulated at two levels: the hormonal induction of synthesis by gibberellins (Drzymała et al., 2008) and a putative regulation of activity by phytocystatines (Kiyosaki et al., 2007, Martinez et al., 2009),

• In summary we elucidated the

  2019-09-03

  

  In summary, we elucidated the in vitro activities of KDM1B in regulation of PC cell proliferation and apoptosis. These studies provided a novel insight into the previously unrecognized roles of KDM1B in human PC cells. We showed for the first time that KDM1B knockdown attenuated proliferation and in

• br Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR

  2019-09-03

  

  Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often initially responds well to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (Haber et al., 2011); however, the disease almost always recurs about 10–13 months of therapy. Analysis of clinical spe

• br Conflicts of interest br Financial support NZ

  2019-09-03

  

  Conflicts of interest Financial support NZ is an Established Investigator of the Dutch Heart Foundation (2013T111) and is supported by an ERC Consolidator grant (617376) from the European Research Council and by a Vici grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO; 91818

• In general cellular senescence is considered a

  2019-09-03

  

  In general, cellular senescence is considered a programmed response to stress that can be activated by oxidative stress, irradiation or action of substances or drugs. These stressors cause DNA damage and, through the action of specific proteins (p53 and p21), lead to cell senescence (di Fagagna, 200

• In contrast to inflammatory cytokines TGF

  2019-09-02

  

  In contrast to inflammatory cytokines, TGF-β has immunosuppressive properties yet is also important for tissue imprinting immune cell function during development [23]. Salivary gland (SG) ILCs, in addition to liver and intestinal intraepithelial ILC1, express markers denoting tissue residency and TG

• br The modulation of ER from SERMs to TSECs

  2019-09-02

  

  The modulation of ERα: from SERMs to TSECs Continued efforts to provide women with efficacious menopausal therapies have generated interest in the development of selective Sephin 1 receptor modulators (SERMs). Similar to estrogens, SERMs have been shown to bind to ERs with high affinity, despite

• By using live imaging of an

  2019-09-02

  

  By using live imaging of an ERK fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensor, the authors show that ERK activity propagates in a stepwise manner from the center to the periphery of the tracheal placode. This row-by-row propagation of ERK activity fits a relay model in which each row activate

• EP receptor is known to

  2019-09-02

  

  EP4 receptor is known to mediate the protective effect of PGE2 on the respiratory, gastrointestinal and glomerular epithelial lining (Aoudjit et al, 2006, Kabashima et al, 2002, Schmidt et al, 2011). In this study, the expression of asEP4 in the gills was limited to the epithelial lining suggesting

• br Conclusions We can conclude that Arg is important

  2019-09-02

  

  Conclusions We can conclude that Arg293 is important but not indispensable for MeGlcA recognition by EcXyn30A since the R293A variant still retains activity and preference for MeGlcA-substituted substrates. The substrate specificity of GH30_8 glucuronoxylanases is most probably determined by an o

• Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different in

  2019-09-02

  

  Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different in naive and immune animals? Initially, GC Y-27632 must pass stringent affinity and specificity checkpoints to ensure only high-affinity non-self-reactive cells are selected. Therefore, restricting primary Tfh cells with the greatest helper capac

• Consistent with the known tolerance of

  2019-09-02

  

  Consistent with the known tolerance of the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction to a wide range of aryl substituents, we subsequently found that the commercially available 3-hydroxyphenylboronic IWR-1-endo pinacol ester () could be coupled to , to give directly and in comparable yield. Smooth conversion of into

• As DNA methylation plays a critical role in

  2019-09-02

  

  As DNA methylation plays a critical role in organismic development and human diseases, the interest in DNA methyltransferases is constantly increasing. Extensive studies on the repertoires of dnmts genes have indicated increasing dnmts members in eukaryotes (Goll and Bestor, 2005; Ponger and Li, 200

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2019-09-02

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion ParI, the first C5-DNA-MTase from a psychrophilic bacterium to be characterized, displays DNA methylation activity in vivo and in vitro. Its biophysical characteristics are consistent with large regions of disorder including thermal unfolding transit

• GSK J4 br Materials and Methods br

  2019-09-02

  

  Materials and Methods Results Discussion Even though T cell checkpoint inhibitors alone have achieved impressive clinical benefit in some cancers, their application as single agents has had limited efficacy (Hamid et al., 2013; Wolchok et al., 2013). The resistance to immunotherapy is in pa

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